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Therapeutic Research
Abstract
The pneumococcal vaccine is currently recommended as national immunization program(NIP)to children under 5 years of age, adults aged 60‒64 years with high‒risk conditions, and the elderly aged 65 years and over in Japan. In the case of NIP, vaccines’cost‒effectiveness and preventive effects have been evaluated in the fact sheets prior to the recommendation. However, the evidence on the cost‒effectiveness of vaccinations is still very limited especially for the adults with underlying medical conditions. A recent study analysed the cost‒effectiveness of PCV13 in adults aged 60 years and over with underlying medical conditions compared to PPV23 and no vaccination using a Markov model with a lifetime horizon and a 1‒year cycle. The expected costs, quality‒adjusted life‒years (QALYs), and prevented cases and deaths were estimated from public payer’s and societal perspectives. The cost per QALY gained from a public payer’s perspective for PCV13 vs PPV23 and no vaccination were estimated at 500,255JPY/QALY and 1,139,438JPY/QALY, respectively. PCV13 was shown to be cost‒effective in all scenarios compared with PPV23 and no vaccination. In adults aged 60 years and over with underlying medical conditions, PCV13 was shown to be a more cost‒effective alternative to PPV23. It is important to validate these results using the latest available data, since the distribution of serotypes may change over time due to the COVID‒19 impact and the introduction of new vaccines.
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