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薬理と治療
Abstract
Objective Momordica charantia var. pavel is a flowering vine in the family Cucurbitaceae. It is a tropical plant that is widely cultivated in Asia, India, East Africa, and South America. Previous studies in healthy or diabetic animal models have revealed that M. charantia var. pavel extract has potent hypoglycemic effect. However, clinical studies with human subjects are not sufficiently conducted to consolidate the evidence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the continuous consumption of M. charantia var. pavel extract-containing food on fasting blood glucose levels, as well as levels of insulin, glucoalbumin, HbA1c, homeostasis model assessment(HOMA)as an index of insulin resistance(HOMA︱IR), and HOMA of β cell function(HOMA-β)in subjects with relatively higher fasting glucose levels. Methods An open-labeled study was conducted with 15 Japanese subjects(9 males and 6 females aged from 20 to 64 years)with fasting glucose levels of 100-125 mg╱dL. During a 12-week of test period, subjects comsumed test food containings 1 g of M. charantia var. pavel extracts daily. The number of subjects analyzed for efficacy was 13(8 males and 5 females)after excluding deviants. Results HbA1c was improved with a statistically marginal significance(from 5.87±0.24% to 5.76±0.32%, P<0.1)after 6 weeks of test food intake. HOMA︱β was improved with a statistically marginal significance(from 35.13±26.99 to 52.83±55.53, P<0.1)after 12 weeks, while no difference was observed in the levels of insulin and HOMA-IR during the whole test period. Fasting blood glucose level was moderately lowered(-1.8 ±0.7% at week 6 and -4.6 ±0.9% at week 12). No serious adverse event or clinically relevant abnormal change in the blood and urine parameters was observed. Conclusions Our findings suggest that continuous consumption of M. charantia var. pavel extract modelately reduces fasting blood glucose level and slightly improves the levels of HbA1c and HOMA︱β in human subjects with relatively high fasting blood glucose levels. It is likely that the hypoglycemic effects of M. charantia var. pavel extract is attributable to increased insulin release, ultimately resulting fromlong︱term lowering of fasting blood glucose level.
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