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薬理と治療
Abstract
Obiective To determine whether a Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)-containing supplement improves cognitive function and is safe in healthy, cognitively intact middle-aged to older adults. Methods The trial was conducted as a 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Forty-four healthy volunteers aged between 47 and 69 years with memory complaints were randomized, 22 each into the placebo group and the GBE group (GBE 168 mg╱day). Safety and compliance were monitored over the 8-week intervention period. To evaluate participantʼs cognitive function the rey auditory-verbal learning test (RAVLT)was administered to them prior to the initiation of the intervention(baseline)and after 4 and 8 weeks of the intervention. The following 6 RAVLT parameters were used to assess the efficacy of GBE-containing supplement for different aspects of cognitive function:(1)short-term memory(STM);(2)total immediate memory(TIM);(3)verbal learning abilities(VLA);(4) reverse interference(RI);(5)delayed recall; and(6)delayed recognition. Results Analysis of the total evaluable population showed that compared to the baseline , all of the 6 parameters were significantly improved after 4 and╱or 8 weeks in the GBE group. However, no significant intergroup differences were found probably because of the presence of similar improvement in the placebo group. The subgroup analysis with the older-age participant population(≥55 years of age)revealed that an intergroup difference in delayed recall was significant(P=0.038) and intergroup differences in delayed recognition, as well as in RI, were near-significant, in favor of GBE. No GBE-induced side effects were observed during the study. Conclusion In this study, the GBE group did not differ from the control group in terms of efficacy for enhancing cognitive function in cognitively intact middle-aged to older adults. However, it looks likely that the GBE-containing supplement tested may improve the long-term memory in the older population aged above 55 years.
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