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Effects of Intake of Kale on Blood Pressure in Subjects with Elevated Blood Pressures ―A Randomized, Double—blind, Placebo—controlled, Parallel—group study―
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JPY
Abstract
Background Our preliminary open-label study suggested that intake of kale lowered blood pressure(BP)in subjects with potential metabolic syndrome. Objective To verify the hypotensive effect of kale consumption in subjects with elevated BPs in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Methods/study design Eligible volunteers(n=92), aged 20-64 years, were randomly assigned to an investigational food that contained 14 g of kale powder (group A; n=46)or a placebo food(group P; n=46). Systolic and diastolic BPs (SBP and DBP, respectively)were assessed before and during the intake period of 12 weeks, and changes in BP levels(ΔBP)during the observation period were compared between groups. Results Although 92 subjects completed the study, 4 subjects were excluded. Efficacy was analyzed in a total of 88 subjects(n=44 in both groups). Although there were no between-group differences in ΔBP, a stratified analysis revealed a significant intergroup difference in ΔSBP in the high-normal BP group(DBP 85-89 mm Hg or SBP 130-139 mm Hg). At week 8 of the intake period, ΔSBP was-9.7±8.9 mm Hg in group A and -3.8±7.9 mm Hg in group P(P=0.04). A trend of ΔSBP decrease in group A was also found at week 12(-10.8±10.7 mm Hg compared to-4.6±9.2 mm Hg in group P; P=0.07). No serious adverse events were observed. Conclusion Kale intake is suggested to reduce BP in high-normal BP individuals. UMIN study ID:UMIN000031450
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