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薬理と治療
- Author: 鈴木 富士夫1
Abstract
Glycyrrhizin(GL)is a major active ingredient in licorice root(Glycyrrhiza glabra) with a variety of immunobiological activities. This review describes(ⅰ)the effects of GL on the infections with viruses, bacteria and fungi in various cultures and in immunocompromised animals;(ⅱ)inhibitory effects of GL on the activities of various type 2 cells(PMN-II, type 2 T cells, M2 macrophages); and(ⅲ)inhibitory mechanisms of action of GL on the M2bMφ polarization in a variety of immunocompromised animals. M2Mφ are known as cells to be responsible on the increased susceptibility of hosts to various opportunistic pathogens. In the latest knowledge, reduced long noncoding RNA Gas5 and increased miR-222 expression inMφ influenced by the γ-irradiation are shown to be associated with M2bMφ polarization. The expression of CCL1, a gene required for M2bMφ survival, is silenced in the γ-irradiated mice due to the Gas5 RNA, which is increased in Mφ after the suppression of miR-222(a Gas5 RNA expression inhibitor)by the GL. Also, the expression of miR︱222 is induced by high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and GL is known as an inhibitor of HMGB1 binding to DNA in living cells. Based on these facts, the future prospective and usefulness of GL will be discussed.
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