薬理と治療
Volume 37, Issue 9, 2009
Volumes & issues:
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DRUG PROFILE SERIES
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
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インフルエンザワクチン製剤のプレフィルドシリンジ化による有用性に関する研究
37巻9号(2009);View Description Hide DescriptionWe studied the clinical usefulness of prefilled syringe containing influenza vaccine preparations(PFS)for subject nurses and pharmacists.In this study, the result of a questionnaire survey concerning the convenience of PFS foroperators and the time required to prepare for vaccination were evaluated using two kinds ofvial preparations as controls.In terms of convenience for operators, for 25 items among the 27 questionnaire itemsrelating to operation efficiency, prevention of medical malpractice, prevention of drug contamination,safety of operators, operability of syringe and storage/disposal, PFS was evaluated significantlyhigher in comparison to vial preparations(p<0.0167).In addition, in case of PFS, maximum 31.7% of the time required to prepare for vaccinationof vial preparations could be reduced.Thus, it was found that PFS was highly useful preparations at clinical sites.Therefore, further development of PFS as well as increased supply is awaited.(Jpn Pharmacol Ther 2009;37:737−44)KEY WORDS Influenza vaccine, Prefilled syringe, Kit product, Clinical usefulness -
低蛋白質飼育・褥瘡モデルラットを用いたL−アルギニンおよび L−グルタミン混合物の経口投与による褥瘡治癒促進効果
37巻9号(2009);View Description Hide DescriptionObjective We examined the wound−healing effects of an oral mixture containing L−arginineand L−glutamine. The effects of this mixture were compared with that of L−arginine alone onthe daily wound area ratio, sum of daily wound area ratio, and time to healing of decubitusulcers in rats fed a low−protein diet.Methods Decubitus ulcers were experimentally induced in SD rats aged 8 weeks. Animalswere fed a normal protein diet(Labo MR Stock;19% protein)before the induction of decubitusulcers. They were then fed a low−protein diet(AIN−93 M;12% protein)ad libitum.Test material AG(mixture containing L−arginine and L−glutamine), test material A(mixturecontaining L−arginine alone), or control(distilled water)were given twice a day at a totaldaily dose of L−arginine 500 mg/kg and L−glutamine 200 mg/kg.Results Significant reductions in healing indices, daily wound area ratio, and time to healingoccurred in group AG compared with control group;there are no such differences ingroup AG compared with group A.Conclusions A mixture containing L−arginine and L−glutamine, but not L−arginine alone,accelerated healing in a low−protein breeding decubitus ulcer rat model. When L−arginineand L−glutamine is combined, it shows good effect for the first time.(Jpn Pharmacol Ther 2009;37:745−50)KEY WORDS L−arginine,L−glutamine,Wound healing,Oral administration,Low−proteindiet,Decubitus ulcer, Rats -
抗真菌薬(イトラコナゾール)のケロイドに対する効果に関する検討
37巻9号(2009);View Description Hide DescriptionObjectives We have encountered several cases in which the symptoms of keloid improvedthrough the concomitant internal use of itraconazole(ITCZ), which is an antifungal agent, forcomplications of trichophytosis. These cases suggest the possibility that fungi may beinvolved in keloid formation and, at the same time, it is believed that the effects of ITCZ onkeloid should also be evaluated.In this study, we focused on the antiangiogenic properties of ITCZ and studied theeffects of ITCZ on the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)production of culturedkeloid fibroblasts.Methods Using six specimens of normal skin and nine keloid specimens obtained duringsurgery, the fibroblasts of each specimen were cultured according to a common method.Using the normal−skin−derived fibroblasts(NSF)and the keloid−derived fibroblasts(KF),a control group in which only the 100% dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)was added and groups inwhich ITCZ at concentrations of 0.5μg/mL and 1.0μg/mL were added were further culturedfor 24 hours. Supernatant was collected and the VEGF were measured using the EIA(enzyme immunoassay)method.Results In a comparison using the control group, the production of VEGF significantlyincreased in KF in comparison to NSF. In the comparison of KF with the control group, no differenceswere observed based on the concentration, but a significant inhibition of VEGF productionwas observed with the addition of ITCZ.Conclusions In the results of this study, ITCZ inhibited the VEGF production of keloidfibroblasts, thus indicating the possibility that ITCZ may have had some effect on the keloids.It is believed that a new approach to keloids which are regarded as intractable can beexpected by elucidate many issues, such as the mechanism of action of antifungal agent onkeloids.(Jpn Pharmacol Ther 2009;37:753−6)KEY WORDS Itraconazole(ITCZ), Keloid, Fibroblasts, VEGF(vascular endothelial growthfactor) -
高血圧合併 2 型糖尿病患者における Candesartanおよび Valsartan の抗動脈硬化作用に対する比較検討
37巻9号(2009);View Description Hide DescriptionObjective To compare the effects of candesartan and valsartan on endothelial functionassessed by measurement of flow−mediated vasodilation(FMD)in type 2 diabetes patientswith hypertension.Methods Subjects who were receiving treatment with valsartan prior to registration wereswitched to candesartan 8 mg/day(VC group, n=21)whereas those who were receiving candesartanwere switched to valsartan 80 mg/day(CV group, n=19)for an observation periodlasting 3 months. Percent FMD, blood pressure, and HbA1c were examined at baseline and 3months after starting treatment.Results The two groups did not differ in terms of patients’baseline clinical characteristicsand laboratory data. At 3 months, there were no significant changes in blood pressure andHbA1c in both groups. In the VC group percent FMD significantly increased at 3 months(from 4.7% to 5.8%;p<0.001), while in the CV group it significantly decreased(from 4.7%to 4.3%;p<0.001). Moreover, percent FMD at 3 months in the VC group was significantlyhigher than that in the CV group(p<0.05).Conclusions This study indicates that suppression of progression of endothelial dysfunctionby different ARBs is not a class effect;candesartan is more effective against progressionof arterial sclerosis than valsartan.(Jpn Pharmacol Ther 2009;37:757−62)KEY WORDS Flow−mediated vasodilation(FMD), Candesartan, Valsartan, Vascular endothelialdysfunction, Arterial sclerosis -
Glucagon(グルカゴン G ノボ注射用 1 mg)の臨床評価
37巻9号(2009);View Description Hide DescriptionTreatment outcome research was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of GlucagonG Novo at the real practice setting in post−marketing. 4411 subjects were registeredfrom 381 medical institutions all over Japan, and 4286 cases for safety analysis and 4196cases for efficacy analysis were evaluated. The incidence of adverse reaction was 0.91%(39/4282), which was lower than it reported in clinical trials before the approval(10.26%). Theefficacy rate in effect−efficacy was 93.8−100%, which was comparable to it reported in clinicaltrials before the approval. These results suggest Glucagon G Novo is safe and efficaciousdrug in the examination and treatment implemented based on its effect−efficacy.(Jpn Pharmacol Ther 2009;37:763−71)KEY WORDS Glucagon G Novo, Post−marketing surveillance, Safety, Efficacy -
紅茶ポリフェノール高含有紅茶飲料の長期摂取時および過剰摂取時の安全性の検討
37巻9号(2009);View Description Hide DescriptionObjectives We carried out two double−blind, placebo−controlled, parallel group studies toinvestigate the safety of long−term intake and excessive intake of the black tea polyphenols(BTP)−enriched black tea beverage.Methods The subjects for the safety evaluation of long−term intake were 40 healthy volunteers(the test drink group:20 adults, the placebo group:20 adults). They consumed 1 bottleof the test drink or the placebo per meal(3 bottles per day)for 12 weeks. The subjects forthe safety evaluation of excessive intake were 30 healthy volunteers(the test drink group:15 adults, the placebo group:15 adults). They consumed 3 bottles of the test drink or theplacebo at a meal per day for 4 weeks.Results Any abnormal changes in clinical findings such as laboratory blood test, urinalysisand physical examination were not induced by the test drink.Conclusion These results suggested that the BTP−enriched black tea beverage is safewhen it is consumed 3 bottles per day for 12 weeks or 3 bottles at a meal everyday for 4weeks.(Jpn Pharmacol Ther 2009;37:773−89)KEY WORDS Black tea polyphenols−enriched black tea, Long−term intake, Excessiveintake, Safety evaluation
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