薬理と治療
Volume 42, Issue 1, 2014
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扉・目次
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所感
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TOPICS
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
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大豆タンパク酵素分解物がin vivo およびin vitro でラットの脂肪組織に及ぼす効果に関する研究
42巻1号(2014);View Description Hide DescriptionBackground A soy protein isolate(SPI)diet has been shown to lower of serum and hepatic lipids levels, and to suppress weight gain and body fat accumulation in rats with diet︱induced obesity compared to a casein(CAS)diet, by changing the metabolic functions of adipocytes. An enzymatic SPI hydrolysate(SPH)diet showed even greater physiological effects than the SPI diet in rodents. However, the mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of SPH diet on uncoupling protein︱1(UCP︱1) gene expression in rat adipocytes. Methods Experiment Ⅰ;Male Wistar rats(n=15)divided into CAS, SPI and SPH groups were maintained on a high︱sucrose diet containing 20% crude protein. After two weeks, tissue weights, and UCP︱1 gene expression in brown adipose tissue(BAT)were evaluated, as well as plasma lipid and adiponectin levels.Experiment Ⅱ;Primary visceral adipose cells, a model for white adipose tissue(WAT), were cultured in medium containing SPH, and UCP︱1 expression was measured. Results Experiment Ⅰ ;Animals on SPH diet had significantly higher levels of plasma adiponectin than those consuming CAS. SPH consumption induced the upregulation of UCP︱1 expression in BAT. Experiment Ⅱ;Adipocyte size was reduced, and UCP︱1 mRNA expression was upregulated in 100 g╱mL SPH as compared controls. Conclusions UCP︱1 mRNA expression was upregulated in animals consuming SPH;moreover, plasma adiponectin levels were elevated in these animals. These findings provide insight into the regulation of adipose tissue function, and could be useful for developing strategies to treat diet︱induced obesity. -
難消化性デキストリン含有炭酸飲料の長期摂取時および過剰摂取時における安全性の検討
42巻1号(2014);View Description Hide DescriptionObjectives We carried out two double︱blind, placebo︱controlled, parallel group studies to evaluate the safety of long︱term intake and excessive intake of the carbonated beverage containing resistant maltodextrin. Methods The subjects for the safety evaluation of long︱term intake were 30 healthy volunteers and randomly divided into two groups. In the long︱term intake study, they ingested one bottle(350 mL)of the test beverage containing 5 g(as fiber)of resistant maltodextrin or the placebo beverage containing none of resistant maltodextrin per day for 12 weeks. The subjects for the safety evaluation of excessive intake were 30 healthy volunteers and randomly divided into two groups. In the excessive intake study, they ingested 3 bottles of the test beverage or the placebo beverage per day for 4 weeks. Results No unusual changes caused by the test beverage ingestion were observed in physical, blood and urinary examination and medical interview.Conclusions These results suggest that the carbonated beverage containing resistant maltodextrin was safe for long︱term and excessive intake.
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CASE REPORT
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嗄声をきたしたパーキンソン病の進行例
42巻1号(2014);View Description Hide DescriptionThe patient is a 79 year︱old man who presented with the chief complaints of difficulty in walking and hoarseness of voice. He had undergone implantation of a cardiac pacemaker at age 53, and been diagnosed as having ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine region at age 75. At around age 75, the patient also started to develop signs of bradykinesia and slowly progressive difficulty in walking. He was diagnosed as having Parkinsonʼs disease(PD)and treatment was initiated with anti︱PD medications. The patient first visited our hospital at age 77. At the first visit, no hand or finger tremors were noticeableat rest, but the patient exhibited bradykinesia, a mask︱like face, muscle rigidity, stooped posture, gait disturbances such as brachybasia, and impaired postural reflexes;he was assessed to be in stage Ⅲ︱Ⅳ of the disease on the Hoehn and Yahr scale. Soft speech and hoarse voice were also noted. Laryngoscopic examination revealed that the opening of the vocal cords was limited to a narrow slit, which led to the diagnosis of bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Since there were no other causative diseases detected, the vocal cord paralysis was determined to beassociated with PD. Despite administration of anti︱PD medications at increased doses and rehabilitation, the patientʼs condition failed to improve. It is uncommon for PD patients to develop bilateral vocal cord paralysis as a complication of the disease;therefore, collection of clinical data from more cases is needed for further elucidation.
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