Volume 43,
Issue 12,
2015
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扉・目次
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1635-1636 (2015);
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TOPIC
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1639-1640 (2015);
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薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1643-1646 (2015);
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REVIEW
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1647-1653 (2015);
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1655-1662 (2015);
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Objectives To investigate the efficacy and safety of one︱year treatment with dapagliflozin in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients. Methods In this study, dapagliflozin (5mg once daily) was used as adjunctive therapy in patients(n=20) inadequately controlled on existing antidiabetic medications. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body weight, blood pressure, renal function, and lipid profile were evaluated. Results Subjects had a mean age of 54.9 years, type 2 diabetes mellitus duration of 10.8 years, and HbA1c of 9.2%. Treatment with dapagliflozin for one year reduced baseline HbA1c from 9.2±0.3% to 7.9±0.3% and baseline body weight from 81.1±4.8 kg to 78.7±4.9 kg( P<0.001). Significant reduction was also observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). Conclusion Dapagliflozin used as an add-on to other diabetes treatments significantly reduced HbA1c, body weight, SBP, and DBP at 12 months without significant worsening of renal function. Thus, dapagliflozin may improve glycemic control and reduce body weight and blood pressure in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients.
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1663-1686 (2015);
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Background and Aim Anagliptin, a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, has been used in monotherapy and combination therapy with α-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, sulfonylureas, or thiazolidinediones for patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan. We investigated the efficacy and safety of anagliptin add to insulin therapy in a multi-center, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study with an open-label, 40 weeks extension in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 123 subjects with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin therapy were treated with 100 mg of anagliptin or placebo twice a day for 12 weeks. Thereafter, all subjects continued on anagliptin 100 mg twice a day in an open-label extension for 40 weeks. Patients who did not achieve the HbA1c goal(less than 7.0%)at either visit from week 28 to week 40 were placed on anagliptin 200 mg twice a day. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c from baseline to the end of the double-blind period(week 12). Results After 12 weeks, HbA1c in anagliptin-treated group were significantly decreased compared to those in placebo-treated group. This significant reduction of HbA1c was observed with any type of insulin therapy. Postprandial glucose, area under the curve(AUC)of glucose, 1,5-AG, glycoalbumin in anagliptin-treated group were also significantly improved compared to those in the placebo-treated group. Significant reductions of HbA1c from baseline were sustained through 52 weeks. The most frequent adverse event is hypoglycemia which was not statistically different in the placebo-treated group and anagliptin-treated group. We did not observe any clinically important adverse events else. Conclusions We demonstrated that anagliptin was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving insulin therapy. These results suggest that anagliptin is a useful add-on insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes.
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1687-1699 (2015);
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Objective This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the glucosyl hesperidin (GHes)intake on skin color and skin conditions in Japanese women. Methods A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted on 42 subjects (35-55 years of age). They ingested 500 mg of GHes or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. The properties of facial skin were measured at 0 (baseline), 6 and 12 weeks of intake period. Results When each parameter was analyzed based on the amount of change from baseline (Δ), a*(redness)and Hb index(hemoglobin amount)of GHes group were significantly higher than those of placebo group at 6 weeks. Furthermore, GHes group had a tendency to decrease Δb*(yellowish)at 12 weeks. GHes group showed a significant negative correlation between Δa* and Δb*, but placebo group failed to have this correlation. In the visual evaluation by a dermatologist, GHes group showed a trend toward an improvement in texture and irritation of facial skin at 6 weeks. In addition, erythema and itching were significantly improved at 12 weeks in GHes group compared to placebo group. Conclusions These results indicate that GHes maintains the healthy redness of face and decreases the yellowness of facial skin, leading to the improvement of skin dullness. Moreover, GHes also contributes to the alleviation of sensitive skin. These effects are possibly caused by increasing blood circulation.
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1703-1709 (2015);
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Objectives The effect of carbonated beverage containing resistant maltodextrin on the postprandial elevation of blood glucose level was evaluated by a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Methods A randomized, double-blinded, crossover trial was performed. The subjects were 50 healthy volunteers whose fasting blood glucose levels are from 110 mg╱dL to 125 mg╱dL or whose blood glucose levels after 2 hours by OGTT are from 140 mg╱dL to 199 mg╱dL. They were randomly divided into two groups and ingested the test beverage containing 5 g(as fiber) of resistant maltodextrin or the placebo beverage with the test meal. Blood glucose levels and blood insulin levels were measured before and 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes after ingestion. Results In comparison with the placebo beverage, the test beverage significantly lowered the postprandial blood glucose levels at 30 minutes(test beverage:152.2±26.8 mg╱dL, placebo beverage:155.9±22.9 mg╱dL, P<0.05)and at 60 minutes(test beverage:169.1 ±44.3 mg╱dL, placebo beverage:174.1±44.8 mg╱dL, P<0.05). Conclusions The data obtained through the trial indicated that the carbonated beverage containing resistant maltodextrin suppresses the elevation of the postprandial blood glucose levels.
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1711-1727 (2015);
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Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of long-term intake and excessive intake of the beverage containing heat-killed Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis JCM 5805(Lc. lactis JCM5805)and resistant maltodextrin. Methods Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials were conducted. In the long-term intake trial, forty-four subjects were divided into 2 groups. They took daily one bottle(500 mL)of the beverage containing approximately 100 billion heat-killed Lc. lactis JCM5805 cells and 5 g resistant maltodextrin, or the beverage containing 5 g maltodextrin for 12 weeks. In the excessive intake trial, forty-four subjects were divided into 2 groups. They took daily three bottles(500 mL)of the beverage containing approximately 100 billion heat-killed Lc. lactis JCM5805 cells and 5 g of resistant maltodextrin, or the beverage containing 5g maltodextrin for 4 weeks. Results In the physical, blood, urinary examinations and medical interview, there is no abnormal change caused by the test beverages containing heat-killed Lc. lactis JCM5805 resistant maltodextrin in the long-term and the excessive intake trials. Conclusions These results indicated the intake of the beverage containing heat-killed Lc. lactis JCM5805 and resistant maltodextrin did not have any safety concern for long-term and excessive intake.
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1731-1737 (2015);
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Background In recent years, constipation is increasing in accordance with the westernization of food. One of the causes of constipation is insufficient intake of dietary fiber. Inulin is a soluble fiber that is utilized for a long time in the food; it has been reported to be effective for bowel habit and fecal microflora. However, there are few reports that examined the effect of inulin on the bowel habits in Japanese. Objectives The aim of present study was to determine the effect of inulin on stool incidence, stool frequency and stool amount in healthy Japanese adult. Methods In a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, 25 healthy young female volunteers were provided with inulin-containing rice bread(test)or control rice bread(placebo)up to 2 piece per day for 2 week. Results There was no significant difference in the intake of test bread with the control bread. Daily intakes of inulin per day were 7.3 g in the test period and 0.2 g in the placebo period. As compared to the control treatment, test treatment significantly increased stool incidence, stool frequency and stool amount. Conclusions The present study has demonstrated that daily intake of inulin improved bowel habit through increasing stool incidence, stool frequency and stool amount in healthy Japanese young female.
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1741-1749 (2015);
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Objective We wanted to verify clinically the relationship between absorption of anthocyanins (those plasma concentrations)and eye fatigue by using Standardized Bilberry Extract(SBE). Methods We performed a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, and crossover clinical trial. Subjects were healthy males and females from 20 to 44 years old. Either 180 mg of SBE or placebo per day was administered orally for 7 days. The wash-out period for the crossover trial was 13days. At the end of the 7-day trial, subjects wore an eye mask for 10 minutes before playing a video game(tetris) an a smartphone for 30 minutes to induce VDT stress. It was evaluated HFC-1 values as an objective index, and questionnaire as a subjective index. The day after the consecutive 7-day trial, the subjects plasma concentration of anthocyanins was measured 1 hr after a administration of SBE or placebo. Result HFC-1 values of the subjects administered SBE showed significant improvement (P=0.012)compared with those administered placebo. Moreover, plasma concentration of anthocyanins were correlated with HFC-1 values(r=-0.369), and subjective index by questionnaire(r=-0.530). Conclusion Administration of SBE for 7 days increase plasma concentration of anthocyanins, and improved the eye fatigue induced by VDT stress and╱or nearsighted work.
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INFORMATION
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1753-1760 (2015);
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1761-1771 (2015);
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Source:
薬理と治療 43巻12号, 1773-1776 (2015);
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