薬理と治療
Volume 44, Issue 7, 2016
Volumes & issues:
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扉・目次
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OPINION
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TOPICS:第15回CRCと臨床試験のあり方を考える会議 2015 in KOBE
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- シンポジウム4/CRCが実践すべきSite Managementとは?
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- シンポジウム5/信頼できる臨床試験に必要なResearch Integrity とCommunication―データ改ざん事件から学ぶ教訓と再発防止策
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OPINION
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
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RANKL 処理RAW264.7 細胞のNFATc1 発現に対するPalmatine 抑制効果
44巻7号(2016);View Description Hide Description目的palmatine は黄連などの生薬から分離されるイソキノリン・アルカロイドである。われわれはこれまでにpalmatine が骨粗鬆症モデルにおいて破骨細胞を減少させること,またRAW264.7 細胞を用いて破骨細胞化の初期のアポトーシスを誘導する可能性を報告した。しかしながら,破骨細胞分化あるいは骨吸収において,palmatine がどのように関与しているか詳細は不明である。そこで本研究ではRAW264.7 細胞を用いて,破骨細胞分化および骨吸収に関わるNFATc1 発現に着目してpalmatine の影響を検討した。方法破骨細胞様細胞であるRAW264.7 細胞にRANKL(50 ng╱mL)およびPalmatine(0,1,5,10,40,100 μM)を添加し,骨吸収活性,細胞の生存率,転写因子NFATc1 発現,NFATc1 mRNA 発現について検討した。結果RAW264.7 細胞にRANKL を添加すると骨吸収,細胞増加,NFATc1 発現,NFATc1 mRNA 発現のいずれにおいても有意に増加した。しかしpalmatineを添加群では濃度依存的にそれらのパラメーターの有意な減少が認められた。考察Palmatine は破骨細胞の転写因子NFAIc1 を抑制し,破骨細胞の分化および成熟を制御することが推察された。【利益相反】本研究に関し開示すべき利益相反はない。 -
Type 4 Resistant Starch(RS—4)Enriched Breads Increase Portal Vein Plasma GLP—1 and PYY Concentrations in Rats
44巻7号(2016);View Description Hide DescriptionObjectives It was studied whether the effect of RS4-type resistant starch(RS-4)to increase the portal plasma PYY and GLP-1 concentrations is affected by bread-baking process or not. Methods Rats were fed one of five diets AIN-93-based diet which 250 g of carbohydrate source were replaced by freeze-dried bread with or without RS-4. Hydroxypropyl starch(HPS)and distarch phosphate(DP)were used as RS-4 source. Diet without RS-4 was called W diet, and diet with RS-4(20% or 40%)was called W, DP20, DP40, HPS20 and HPS40 diet, respectively. The DF content in W, DP20, DP40, HPS20 and HPS40 diet was 11, 65, 118, 54, and 111 g╱kg diet, respectively. Results The pH and amounts of total SCFA in cecal contents in rats fed the DP20, DP40, HPS20, and HPS40 diet were significantly lower and higher than that in rats fed the W diet. The concentrations of GLP-1 and PYY in the portal vein plasma increased with increasing the amount of total SCFA in cecal contents. Food intake decreased with increasing the concentrations of GLP-1, PYY, and GLP-1+PYY in the portal vein plasma. Conclusions The present results show that RS-4 enriched breads increased portal vein plasma GLP-1 and PYY concentrations in rats, and the effect to increase the concentrations of GLP-1 and PYY in portal vein blood of RS-4 was not affected by bread-making process. -
肥満者における茶カテキン含有粉末飲料の継続摂取による体脂肪低減効果および安全性の検討―無作為化二重盲検プラセボ対照並行群間比較試験―
44巻7号(2016);View Description Hide DescriptionObjective We assessed a powdered beverage containing green tea catechins in terms of safety and efficacy regarding reduction of visceral fat area(VFA)in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled, and parallel-group trial in obese subjects. Methods A total of 150 obese subjects[mean BMI(±SEM), 27.36±1.34 kg╱m2; mean age, 49.0±9.1 years]were assigned to two groups. After a 3-week observation period, subjects consumed two beverages each containing a packet of 280 mg powdered green tea catechins (total of 560 mg green tea catechins per day)or two control beverages daily for 12 weeks, followed by another 4-week observation period. Results A total of 144 subjects(catechin group, n=73; control group, n=71)completed the study. At 12 weeks, the primary endpoint, change from baseline in VFA(ΔVFA), was significantly lower in the catechin group (ΔVFA=-6.02±15.26 cm2)than in the control group (ΔVFA=2.63±12.61 cm2). Secondary endpoints(total fat area, subcutaneous fat area, and body weight)were also significantly lower in the catechin group than in the control group. Safety parameters and incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups. In conclusion, the powdered beverages containing a total of 560 mg green tea catechins per day were able to reduce abdominal fat and suppress weight gain without any negative side effects. -
「ラクトトリペプチド(VPP,IPP)」を含有するタブレットの摂取が健常者の血管内皮機能に及ぼす影響―プラセボ対照二重盲検並行群間比較試験―
44巻7号(2016);View Description Hide DescriptionObjectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tablets containing lactotripeptides(Val-Pro-Pro: VPP, Ile-Pro-Pro: IPP)on vascular endothelial function in healthy subjects. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy Japanese subjects. The subjects were randomly divided into test and placebo groups. They ingested 3 tablets, daily, containing lactotripeptides(VPP: 1.4 mg, IPP: 2.0 mg)or a placebo, for 12 weeks. Vascular endothelial function was measured by flow-mediated dilatation(FMD)at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Forty-eight subjects were analyzed as healthy subjects. Results In the FMD(%), a significant difference between the groups was observed by repeated measures ANOVA(P<0.05). Changes in FMD(%)from baseline to 12 weeks were Δ1.81±2.49(%)in the test group and Δ0.20±2.10(%)in the placebo group; the changes were significantly different between the test and placebo groups(P<0.05). There were no adverse events attributed to test tablets, and no marked changes were observed in blood and urinary analysis. Conclusions These results indicate that continuous intake of tablets containing lactotripeptides is a beneficial and safety approach for improving vascular endothelial function in healthy subjects. -
酵母GNL24/497 の安全性評価および膝関節の違和感等改善効果の再検証―ランダム化二重盲検プラセボ対照比較試験―
44巻7号(2016);View Description Hide DescriptionObjectives The primary aim of this study was to analyze in detail the safety of the yeast strain GNL24╱497. This was achieved by evaluating biochemical and physiological assay testing of the blood and urine after ingestion of 2500 mg╱day(i.e. fivefold the daily dosage in healthy adults experiencing discomfort in the knee). To validate the effect on this discomfort after a 500 mg dose as previously reported for 4 weeks, our second aim was to evaluate whether the effect was altered when ingestion was maintained for 12 weeks. Methods A placebo-controlled double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted. Forty five healthy Japanese volunteers (range: 50-74 years old)were separated into three groups and each subjected to blood and urine testing once a month. To compare the yeast strain(500 mg per day)with the placebo for 12 weeks, Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure(JKOM) and a 5 point scale questionnaire were used to evaluate 17 healthy Japanese adults once a month. Results The blood test and urinalysis results did not indicate any health hazard from ingestion of the yeast. The amount of change in VAS scores and the 5 point scale scores were significantly lower in the yeast group compared with the placebo group after 12 weeks ingestion(P<0.05). Conclusion It is suggested that oral intake of the yeast strain GNL24╱497 is probably safe and effective in reducing discomfort in the knee in healthy adults. Specifically, it is indicated that the reported effects were maintained in the case of ingestion for a period of 12 weeks.
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INFORMATION
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CONSORT 2010 声明-ランダム化並行群間比較試験報告のための最新版ガイドライン-(薬理と治療2010;38:939-49. より再掲載)
44巻7号(2016);View Description Hide Description -
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